The present invention relates to a novel biomarker for predicting sensitivity to an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting agent, and a use thereof, and more specifically, the present invention provides: a biomarker for predicting sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent, the biomarker comprising the Recepteur dOrigine Nantais (RON) gene; a composition for predicting sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent, the composition comprising a pharmaceutical preparation for measuring the degree of expression of the gene in the biomarker, or the degree of expression or activity of the protein of the gene; a composition for enhancing sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent, the composition comprising, as an active ingredient, an inhibitor inhibiting the expression of the gene, or the expression or activity of the protein of the gene; a kit for predicting sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent, the kit comprising the compositions; and a method for predicting sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent. According to the present invention, the present invention has an excellent effect of predicting sensitivity to the EGFR-targeting agent for colon cancer, and thus the present invention may be usefully employed for treating colon cancer.